Myotomes
Oxford Grade | Descriptor |
---|---|
0 | No signs of activity |
1 | Flicker of activity, no movement |
2 | Full active range of motion, across gravity |
3 | Full active range of motion, against gravity |
4 | Moderate resistance |
5 | Maximal resistance |
Movement | Nerve Root Segments |
---|---|
Shoulder girdle elevation | C3/4 |
Shoulder flexion / abduction | C5 |
Elbow flexion | C5/6 |
Elbow extension | C7/8 |
Wrist flexion / extension | C6/7 |
Finger flexion / extension | C7/8 |
Finger abduction / adduction | T1 |
Movement | Nerve Root Segments |
---|---|
Hip flexion | L2/3 |
Hip extension | L4/5 |
Hip adduction | L2/3 |
Hip abduction | L4/5 |
Knee extension | L3/4 |
Knee flexion | L5/S1 |
Ankle Dorsiflexion | L4/5 |
Great toe extension | L5 |
Ankle plantarflexion | S1/2 |
Dermatomes
Chart showing where you might expect radicular pain to radiate
![](http://the.emergencyphysio.com/wp-content/uploads/dermatomes-radicular.jpg)
Charts showing areas of skin where you would expect altered sensation following nerve root lesion
Upper Limb
Lower Limb
![](http://the.emergencyphysio.com/wp-content/uploads/Lowerlimbdermatome.jpg)
Reflexes
Reflex | Nerve Segments |
---|---|
Biceps Jerk | C5/6 |
Triceps Jerk | C7/8 |
Brachioradialis Jerk | C6/7 |
Reflex | Nerve Root Segments |
---|---|
Knee Jerk | L3/4 |
Ankle Jerk | S1/S2 |
The Babinski test (“plantars”) can be abnormal in the present of upper motor neuron damage. A normal response is flexion of the toes. An abnormal response involves dorsiflexion of the great toe and fanning of the other toes